銆€銆€鏉愭枡鍔涘(xu茅)

銆€銆€1銆� 鍏ㄦ噳(y墨ng)鍔涳細pa=蟽cos伪;姝ｆ噳(y墨ng)鍔涳細蟽a=蟽cos2伪;鍓噳(y墨ng)鍔涳細蟿a=(蟽/2)*sin2伪;

銆€銆€2銆� 璁婂舰鑳斤細 u=p未/2

銆€銆€3銆� 閬庡湒褰竴榛炰娇鍦栧舰鐨勬叄鎬х⿳鐐洪浂鐨勪竴灏嶆浜ゅ潗妯�(bi膩o)杌�锛岀偤涓绘叄鎬ц桓銆�

銆€銆€4銆� 鍓噳(y墨ng)鍔涳細蟿=qs/ib(s鏄窛涓€ц桓鐐簓鐨勬┇绶氳垏澶栭椿婧濇墍鍦嶉潰绌嶅皪涓€ц伔?闊冪煩)锛屾(bi膩o)鐨勭洰鐨勮垏鍓姏骞宠锛屽法绱�(x矛)娌挎埅闈㈠搴︿笉璁�锛屾部楂樺害鍛堟媼鐗╃窔鍒嗗竷銆傚皪浜庣瓑瀵害鎴潰锛屜刴ax鐧�(f膩)鐢熷湪涓€ц桓涓婏紝灏嶅搴﹁綁(zhu菐n)璁婄殑鎴潰锛屜刴ax涓嶅繀鐒剁櫦(f膩)鐢熷湪涓€ц桓涓�銆�

銆€銆€5銆� 褰庡績鐗归粸锛氬繀瀹氬湪灏嶇ū杌镐笂銆佸儏鑸囨埅闈㈠咕浣曞褰㈢浉闂�(gu膩n)銆傚钩闈㈠綆鏇插墠鎻愶細缍�(j墨ng)鐢遍亷绋嬪綆蹇冧笖娴告煋闈㈠钩琛屼簬姊佺殑褰㈠績涓绘叄鎬у钩闈�銆�

銆€銆€6銆� 褰庢洸璁婂舰鏍瑰熀鍏紡1/蟻=m/ei

銆€銆€7銆� 鏂滃綆鏇蹭腑锛屼腑鎬ц桓涓嶈垏鍚堟垚褰庣煩鐭㈤噺鐨勬柟浣嶉噸鍚堟垨骞宠銆傚悎鎴愭挀搴︾殑鏂逛綅鍨傜洿浜庝腑鎬ц桓锛屽苟涓嶅湪澶栧姏娴告煋骞抽潰鍏�(n猫i)銆�

銆€銆€8銆� 浣垮亸鐤煎绺�(鎷変几)妗挎埅闈笂鍙櫦(f膩)鐢熷悓铏熸噳(y墨ng)鍔涙檪锛屽亸鐤煎鍔�(鎷夊姏)娴告煋鐨勫崁(q奴)鍩熺ū鐐哄崁(q奴)鍩熺劍榛�銆傜暥(d膩ng)鍋忕柤鍔涙蹈鏌撳湪鎴潰鐒﹂粸瑕�(gu墨)妯″収(n猫i)(鍚埅闈㈢劍榛炲懆鐣岀窔)鏅傦紝鎴潰鐨勪腑鎬ц桓蹇呭湪鎴潰涔嬪鎴栬垏鎴潰榇绘簼鐩稿垏銆�

銆€銆€9銆� 妗夸欢鐨勬煇鍊嬫┇鎴潰涓�锛岃嫢鍚勯粸鐨勬鎳�(y墨ng)鍔涘潎鐐洪浂锛屽墖褰庣煩蹇呯偤闆�锛岃桓鍔涘繀鐐洪浂銆�

銆€銆€鍏稿瀷瑭﹂锛�

銆€銆€寤虹瓚瑷�(sh猫)闃茬儓搴︾偤8搴︽檪锛岀浉鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勫湴闇囨尝鍔犻€熷害宄板€肩暥(d膩ng)鏅傚彇涓嬪垪浣曞€�?銆恉銆�

銆€銆€a 0.125g

銆€銆€b 0.25g

銆€銆€c 0.30g

銆€銆€d 0.20g

銆€銆€妗嗘灦姊併€佹煴涓績绶氬疁閲嶅悎锛岀暥(d膩ng)姊併€佹煴涓績绶氶枔鏈夊亸蹇冩檪锛屼笅鍒楀摢绋娉曟槸姝ｇ⒑鐨�?銆恉銆�

銆€銆€a 鍦ㄤ换浣曟儏娉佷笅涓嶆噳(y墨ng)澶т簬瑭叉柟鍚戞煴鎴潰瀵害鐨�1/4

銆€銆€b 闈炴姉闇囪ō(sh猫)瑷堟檪涓嶆噳(y墨ng)澶т簬瑭叉柟鍚戞煴鎴潰瀵害鐨�1/4

銆€銆€c 鎶楅渿瑷�(sh猫)瑷堟檪涓嶅疁澶т簬瑭叉柟鍚戞煴鎴潰瀵害鐨�1/4

銆€銆€d 濡傚亸蹇冭窛澶т簬瑭叉柟鍚戞煴瀵殑1/4鏅�锛屽彲閲囩敤澧炶ō(sh猫)姊佹按骞冲姞鑵嬬殑鎺柦銆�

銆€銆€鐗╃悊

銆€銆€1銆佸厜锛氬厜绋嬪樊nx

銆€銆€鍦ㄧ浉鍚岀殑鏅傞枔鍏�(n猫i)锛屼竴鏉熸尝闀风偤 l 鐨勫柈鑹插厜鍦ㄧ┖姘ｄ腑鍜屽湪鐜荤拑涓偝鎾殑璺▼涓嶇浉绛�锛岃蛋閬庣殑鍏夌▼鐩哥瓑銆�

銆€銆€鏈€灏忓垎杈ㄨ锛�1.22*位/d

銆€銆€閭佸厠鐖鹃仠骞叉秹鍎€锛歞=k脳位/2 銆庢瘡绉诲嫊位/2锛屾湜閬�(yu菐n)閺＄殑瑕栧牬涓氨鏈変竴姊濇槑绱嬮€氶亷锛岃嫢鏈塶姊濇槑绱嬮€氶亷锛屽墖m2骞崇Щ鐨勮窛闆㈠嵆鐐篸銆�

銆€銆€鐣�(d膩ng)鑷劧鍏変互甯冨剴鏂壒瑙掑叆灏勫埌鍏╃ó涓嶅悓浠嬭唱(zh矛)鐨勮〃闈㈡檪锛屽叾鍙嶅皠鍏夋槸鍏夋尟鍕曞瀭鐩翠簬鍏ュ皠闈㈢殑绶氬亸鎸厜銆�

銆€銆€甯冨剴鏂壒瀹氬緥tan伪=n2/n1

銆€銆€e鍏夊湪鏅堕珨涓悇鍊嬫柟鍚戠殑鎶樺皠鐜囦笉鐩哥瓑锛屽嵆瀹冨湪鏅堕珨涓殑鍌虫挱閫熷害闅ㄦ柟鍚戜笉鍚岃€屾敼璁�銆傝€宱鍏夊湪鏅堕珨涓悇鏂瑰悜鐨勬姌灏勭巼鍜屽偝鎾€熷害閮界浉鍚�銆�

銆€銆€鍏夎桓锛氭櫠楂斾腑瀛樺湪涓€浜涚壒娈婃柟鍚戯紝鍏夋部閫欎簺鏂瑰悜鍏ュ皠鏅備笉鐧�(f膩)鐢熼洐鎶樺皠锛屽嵆閫欎簺鏂瑰悜 o 鍏夊拰 e 鍏夌殑鎶樺皠鐜囩浉绛�锛屽偝鎾€熷害鐩稿悓銆�

銆€銆€2銆佺啽锛歞q=de+da,(*绲曠啽绶氭瘮绛夋韩绶氶櫋)

銆€銆€pv/t=m/m *r=n/n0 *r,

銆€銆€e=m/m *i/2 *r*t,

銆€銆€da=p*dv

銆€銆€鐔辨寰挵(hu谩n)锛氭(bi膩o)蹇楄憲寰挵(hu谩n)閬庣▼涓惛鏀剁殑鐔遍噺鏈夊灏戣綁(zhu菐n)鎻涙垚鏈夌敤鍔�銆�

銆€銆€鍗¤寰挵(hu谩n)锛氱啽姗熸晥鐜�=1-t2/t1=1-q2/q1銆巘1鐐洪珮婧�?z茅)宓╁惞鑷忓洘?锛宼2鐐轰綆婧�?z茅)宓╁惞鑷忓洘??锛�?/P>

銆€銆€鐔佃畩锛歞s=dq/t

銆€銆€鍒嗗瓙璩�(zh矛)閲忥細u=m/n0(n0=6.022*10^23)

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銆€銆€闁嬬埦鏂囪〃杩帮細涓嶅彲鑳藉緸鍠竴鐔辨簮鍚稿彇鐔遍噺浣夸箣瀹屽叏璁�?y艒u)姗涙潖闇壩ь墔鍒抋(ch菐n)鐢熷叾浠栧奖闊�銆�(骞朵笉鎰忓懗钁楃啽涓嶈兘瀹屽叏杞�(zhu菐n)璁�?y艒u)妤�?

銆€銆€鍏嬪嫗淇柉琛ㄨ堪锛氱啽閲忎笉鑳借嚜鍕曞湴寰炰綆婧墿楂斿偝鍒伴珮婧墿楂斻€傚苟涓嶆剰鍛宠憲鐔遍噺涓嶈兘寰炰綆婧墿楂斿偝鍒伴珮婧墿楂�銆�("鑷嫊" 鍗崇啽閲忓緸浣庢韩鐗╅珨鍌冲埌楂樻韩鐗╅珨涓嶈兘鑷櫦(f膩)閫�(j矛n)琛岋紝涓嶇敘(ch菐n)鐢熷叾瀹冨奖闊�銆�)

銆€銆€鍙€嗛亷绋嬶細(澶栫晫涔熸仮寰�(f霉)鍘熺媭)涓€鍒囪垏鐔辩従(xi脿n)璞℃湁闂�(gu膩n)鐨勫畯瑙€瀵﹂殯閬庣▼閮芥槸涓嶅彲閫嗙殑锛屽叾鑷櫦(f膩)閫�(j矛n)琛屽叿鏈夊柈鍚戞€�銆�

銆€銆€鐔靛鍔犲師鐞嗭細瀛ょ珛绯荤当(t菕ng)涓嚜鐒剁櫦(f膩)鐢熺殑鐔卞姏瀛�(xu茅)閬庣▼绺芥槸鍚戣憲鐔靛鍔犵殑鏂瑰悜閫�(j矛n)琛屻€�

銆€銆€鍗¤寰挵(hu谩n)涓�锛屽噲鍔熻垏p-v鍦栦笂鐨勬洸绶氬寘瑁圭殑闈㈢⿳鏈夐棞(gu膩n)锛岃€屾晥鐜囧彧璺熸韩搴鏈夐棞(gu膩n)銆�

銆€銆€3銆佸嫊锛氶€熺巼鍒嗗竷鍑芥暩(sh霉)锛歠(v)*dv=dn/n 銆庡湪楹ュ厠鏂煁閫熺巼鍒嗗竷鏇茬窔涓嬬殑浠绘剰涓€濉婇潰绌嶇瓑浜庣浉鎳�(y墨ng)閫熺巼鍗€(q奴)闁撳収(n猫i)鍒嗗瓙鏁�(sh霉)鍗犵附鍒嗗瓙鏁�(sh霉)鐨勭櫨鍒嗘瘮?锛佺幆楠勵姪願间烤钑峖2=3rt/m 鍒嗗瓙鐨勫钩鍧囬€熺巼=v*f(v)*dv鐨勯浂~姝ｇ劇绐⿳鍒嗐€�

銆€銆€鍒嗗瓙骞冲潎鑷敱绋�銆佸钩鍧囩鎾為牷鐜囪垏p銆乿銆乼鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�銆�

銆€銆€p=nkt (n=n/v 琛ㄧず鍠綅楂旂⿳鍒嗗瓙鏁�(sh霉))

銆€銆€4銆佹尝锛歽=acos[w(t-x/v)] 娉㈡部x杌告鏂瑰悜鍌虫挱锛宲榛炶窛o榛炶窛闆锛�

銆€銆€浠嬭唱(zh矛)鍏冪殑鍕曡兘鍜屽嫝鑳戒箣鏄悓鐩歌畩鍖栫殑銆傜暥(d膩ng)浠嬭唱(zh矛)鍏冭檿鍦ㄥ钩琛′綅缃檪锛屽叾鍕曡兘鍜屽嫝鑳藉悓鏅傞仈(d谩)鍒版渶澶у€�;鐣�(d膩ng)浠嬭唱(zh矛)鍏冭檿鍦ㄦ渶澶т綅绉绘檪锛屽叾鍕曡兘鍜屽嫝鑳藉悓鏅傞仈(d谩)鍒版渶灏忓€�銆�

銆€銆€娉㈢殑寮峰害鑸囨尝鐨勬尟骞呭钩鏂规垚姝ｆ瘮銆�

銆€銆€娉㈢殑鑳介噺瀵嗗害鏄毃鏅傞枔鍛ㄦ湡鎬х殑璁婂寲鐨�銆�

銆€銆€椐愭尝鐨勬尝褰㈢壒寰侊細鍏╁€嬫尝绡€(ji茅)(鎴栨尝骞�)鐨勯枔璺濈偤位/2锛屽悓涓€娈典笂鐨勫悇榛炵殑鎸嫊鍚岀浉锛岃€岄殧闁嬩竴鍊嬫尝绡€(ji茅)鐨勫叐榛炵殑鎸嫊鍙嶇浉銆傚叐鍊嬬浉閯版尝绡€(ji茅)鍏�(n猫i)鍚勯粸鐨勬尟鍕曠浉浣嶅樊鐐�0銆�

鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍″弸鎯呮彁绀�锛氬鏋滄偍鍦ㄦ閬庣▼涓亣鍒颁换浣曠枒鍟�锛岃珛鐧婚寗鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍�绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)宸ョ▼甯€冭│璜栧锛岄毃鏅傝垏寤ｅぇ鑰冪敓鏈嬪弸鍊戜竴璧蜂氦娴�!

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