2013骞寸祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)宸ョ▼甯簿绶ㄧ瓎瑷橈細鏉愭枡鍔涘(xu茅)

銆€銆€鏉愭枡鍔涘(xu茅)

銆€銆€1銆� 鍏ㄦ噳(y墨ng)鍔涳細pa=蟽cos伪;姝ｆ噳(y墨ng)鍔涳細蟽a=蟽cos2伪;鍓噳(y墨ng)鍔涳細蟿a=(蟽/2)*sin2伪;

銆€銆€2銆� 璁婂舰鑳斤細 u=p未/2

銆€銆€3銆� 閬�(gu貌)鍦栧舰涓€榛�(di菐n)浣垮湒褰㈢殑鎱ｆ€х⿳鐐洪浂鐨勪竴灏�(du矛)姝ｄ氦鍧愭(bi膩o)杌�锛岀偤涓绘叄鎬ц桓銆�

銆€銆€4銆� 鍓噳(y墨ng)鍔涳細蟿=qs/ib(s鏄窛涓€ц桓鐐簓鐨勬┇绶氳垏澶栭椿婧濇墍鍦嶉潰绌嶅皪(du矛)涓€ц伔?闊冪煩)锛屾(bi膩o)鐨勭洰鐨勮垏鍓姏骞宠锛屽法绱�(x矛)娌挎埅闈㈠搴︿笉璁�锛屾部楂樺害鍛堟媼鐗╃窔鍒嗗竷銆傚皪(du矛)浜庣瓑瀵害鎴潰锛屜刴ax鐧�(f膩)鐢熷湪涓€ц桓涓婏紝灏�(du矛)瀵害杞�(zhu菐n)璁婄殑鎴潰锛屜刴ax涓嶅繀鐒剁櫦(f膩)鐢熷湪涓€ц桓涓�銆�

銆€銆€5銆� 褰庡績鐗归粸(di菐n)锛氬繀瀹氬湪灏�(du矛)绋辫桓涓娿€佸儏鑸囨埅闈㈠咕浣曞褰㈢浉闂�(gu膩n)銆傚钩闈㈠綆鏇插墠鎻愶細缍�(j墨ng)鐢遍亷(gu貌)绋嬪綆蹇冧笖娴告煋闈㈠钩琛屼簬姊佺殑褰㈠績涓绘叄鎬у钩闈€€�

銆€銆€6銆� 褰庢洸璁婂舰鏍瑰熀鍏紡1/蟻=m/ei

銆€銆€7銆� 鏂滃綆鏇蹭腑锛屼腑鎬ц桓涓嶈垏鍚堟垚褰庣煩鐭㈤噺鐨勬柟浣嶉噸鍚堟垨骞宠銆傚悎鎴愭挀搴︾殑鏂逛綅鍨傜洿浜庝腑鎬ц桓锛屽苟涓嶅湪澶栧姏娴告煋骞抽潰鍏�(n猫i)銆�

銆€銆€8銆� 浣垮亸鐤煎绺�(鎷変几)妗挎埅闈笂鍙櫦(f膩)鐢熷悓铏�(h脿o)鎳�(y墨ng)鍔涙檪(sh铆)锛屽亸鐤煎鍔�(鎷夊姏)娴告煋鐨勫崁(q奴)鍩熺ū鐐哄崁(q奴)鍩熺劍榛�(di菐n)銆傜暥(d膩ng)鍋忕柤鍔涙蹈鏌撳湪鎴潰鐒﹂粸(di菐n)瑕�(gu墨)妯″収(n猫i)(鍚埅闈㈢劍榛�(di菐n)鍛ㄧ晫绶�)鏅�(sh铆)锛屾埅闈㈢殑涓€ц桓蹇呭湪鎴潰涔嬪鎴栬垏鎴潰榇绘簼鐩稿垏銆�

銆€銆€9銆� 妗夸欢鐨勬煇鍊�(g猫)姗埅闈笂锛岃嫢鍚勯粸(di菐n)鐨勬鎳�(y墨ng)鍔涘潎鐐洪浂锛屽墖褰庣煩蹇呯偤闆讹紝杌稿姏蹇呯偤闆�銆�

銆€銆€鍏稿瀷瑭﹂锛�

銆€銆€寤虹瓚瑷�(sh猫)闃茬儓搴︾偤8搴︽檪(sh铆)锛岀浉鎳�(y墨ng)鐨勫湴闇囨尝鍔犻€熷害宄板€肩暥(d膩ng)鏅�(sh铆)鍙栦笅鍒椾綍鍊�?銆恉銆�

銆€銆€a 0.125g

銆€銆€b 0.25g

銆€銆€c 0.30g

銆€銆€d 0.20g

銆€銆€妗嗘灦姊�銆佹煴涓績绶氬疁閲嶅悎锛岀暥(d膩ng)姊�銆佹煴涓績绶氶枔鏈夊亸蹇冩檪(sh铆)锛屼笅鍒楀摢绋(shu艒)娉曟槸姝ｇ⒑鐨�?銆恉銆�

銆€銆€a 鍦ㄤ换浣曟儏娉佷笅涓嶆噳(y墨ng)澶т簬瑭叉柟鍚戞煴鎴潰瀵害鐨�1/4

銆€銆€b 闈炴姉闇囪ō(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鏅�(sh铆)涓嶆噳(y墨ng)澶т簬瑭叉柟鍚戞煴鎴潰瀵害鐨�1/4

銆€銆€c 鎶楅渿瑷�(sh猫)瑷�(j矛)鏅�(sh铆)涓嶅疁澶т簬瑭叉柟鍚戞煴鎴潰瀵害鐨�1/4

銆€銆€d 濡傚亸蹇冭窛澶т簬瑭叉柟鍚戞煴瀵殑1/4鏅�(sh铆)锛屽彲閲囩敤澧炶ō(sh猫)姊佹按骞冲姞鑵嬬殑鎺柦銆�

銆€銆€鐗╃悊

銆€銆€1銆佸厜锛氬厜绋嬪樊nx

銆€銆€鍦ㄧ浉鍚岀殑鏅�(sh铆)闁撳収(n猫i)锛屼竴鏉熸尝闀�(zh菐ng)鐐� l 鐨勫柈鑹插厜鍦ㄧ┖姘ｄ腑鍜屽湪鐜荤拑涓偝鎾殑璺▼涓嶇浉绛�锛岃蛋閬�(gu貌)鐨勫厜绋嬬浉绛�銆�

銆€銆€鏈€灏忓垎杈ㄨ锛�1.22*位/d

銆€銆€閭佸厠鐖鹃仠骞叉秹鍎€锛歞=k脳位/2 銆庢瘡绉诲嫊(d貌ng)位/2锛屾湜閬�(yu菐n)閺＄殑瑕栧牬(ch菐ng)涓氨鏈変竴姊濇槑绱嬮€氶亷(gu貌)锛岃嫢鏈塶姊濇槑绱嬮€氶亷(gu貌)锛屽墖m2骞崇Щ鐨勮窛闆㈠嵆鐐篸銆�

銆€銆€鐣�(d膩ng)鑷劧鍏変互甯冨剴鏂壒瑙掑叆灏勫埌鍏╃ó涓嶅悓浠嬭唱(zh矛)鐨勮〃闈㈡檪(sh铆)锛屽叾鍙嶅皠鍏夋槸鍏夋尟鍕�(d貌ng)鍨傜洿浜庡叆灏勯潰鐨勭窔鍋忔尟鍏�銆�

銆€銆€甯冨剴鏂壒瀹氬緥tan伪=n2/n1

銆€銆€e鍏夊湪鏅堕珨涓悇鍊�(g猫)鏂瑰悜鐨勬姌灏勭巼涓嶇浉绛�锛屽嵆瀹冨湪鏅堕珨涓殑鍌虫挱閫熷害闅ㄦ柟鍚戜笉鍚岃€屾敼璁�銆傝€宱鍏夊湪鏅堕珨涓悇鏂瑰悜鐨勬姌灏勭巼鍜屽偝鎾€熷害閮界浉鍚�銆�

銆€銆€鍏夎桓锛氭櫠楂斾腑瀛樺湪涓€浜涚壒娈婃柟鍚�锛屽厜娌块€欎簺鏂瑰悜鍏ュ皠鏅�(sh铆)涓嶇櫦(f膩)鐢熼洐鎶樺皠锛屽嵆閫欎簺鏂瑰悜 o 鍏夊拰 e 鍏夌殑鎶樺皠鐜囩浉绛�锛屽偝鎾€熷害鐩稿悓銆�

銆€銆€2銆佺啽锛歞q=de+da,(*绲曠啽绶氭瘮绛夋韩绶氶櫋)

銆€銆€pv/t=m/m *r=n/n0 *r,

銆€銆€e=m/m *i/2 *r*t,

銆€銆€da=p*dv

銆€銆€鐔辨(j墨)寰挵(hu谩n)锛氭(bi膩o)蹇楄憲寰挵(hu谩n)閬�(gu貌)绋嬩腑鍚告敹鐨勭啽閲忔湁澶氬皯杞�(zhu菐n)鎻涙垚鏈夌敤鍔熴€�

銆€銆€鍗¤寰挵(hu谩n)锛氱啽姗�(j墨)鏁堢巼=1-t2/t1=1-q2/q1銆巘1鐐洪珮婧�?z茅)宓╁惞鑷忓洘?锛宼2鐐轰綆婧�?z茅)宓╁惞鑷忓洘??锛�?/P>

銆€銆€鐔佃畩锛歞s=dq/t

銆€銆€鍒嗗瓙璩�(zh矛)閲忥細u=m/n0(n0=6.022*10^23)

銆€銆€鐔卞姏瀛�(xu茅)绗簩瀹氬緥锛�(瀛ょ珛绯荤当(t菕ng)涓�锛岃嚜鐧�(f膩)閫�(j矛n)琛岀殑閬�(gu貌)绋嬫槸涓嶅彲閫嗙殑锛岀附鏄部钁楃郴绲�(t菕ng)鐔卞姏瀛�(xu茅)姒傜巼(鐒�(w煤)搴忔€�)澧炲姞鐨勬柟鍚戦€�(j矛n)琛�锛屼篃灏辨槸鐢卞寘鍚井瑙€鎱�(t脿i)鏁�(sh霉)鐩皬鐨勫畯瑙€鎱�(t脿i)鍚戝寘鍚井瑙€鎱�(t脿i)澶氱殑瀹忚鎱�(t脿i)鐨勬柟鍚戦€�(j矛n)琛�銆�)

銆€銆€闁嬬埦鏂囪〃杩帮細涓嶅彲鑳藉緸鍠竴鐔辨簮鍚稿彇鐔遍噺浣夸箣瀹屽叏璁�?y艒u)姗涙潖闇壩ь墔鍒抋(ch菐n)鐢熷叾浠栧奖闊裤€�(骞朵笉鎰忓懗钁楃啽涓嶈兘瀹屽叏杞�(zhu菐n)璁�?y艒u)妤�?

銆€銆€鍏嬪嫗淇柉琛ㄨ堪锛氱啽閲忎笉鑳借嚜鍕�(d貌ng)鍦板緸浣庢韩鐗╅珨鍌冲埌楂樻韩鐗╅珨銆傚苟涓嶆剰鍛宠憲鐔遍噺涓嶈兘寰炰綆婧墿楂斿偝鍒伴珮婧墿楂斻€�("鑷嫊(d貌ng)" 鍗崇啽閲忓緸浣庢韩鐗╅珨鍌冲埌楂樻韩鐗╅珨涓嶈兘鑷櫦(f膩)閫�(j矛n)琛�锛屼笉鐢�(ch菐n)鐢熷叾瀹冨奖闊�銆�)

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銆€銆€鐔靛鍔犲師鐞嗭細瀛ょ珛绯荤当(t菕ng)涓嚜鐒剁櫦(f膩)鐢熺殑鐔卞姏瀛�(xu茅)閬�(gu貌)绋嬬附鏄悜钁楃喌澧炲姞鐨勬柟鍚戦€�(j矛n)琛�銆�

銆€銆€鍗¤寰挵(hu谩n)涓�锛屽噲鍔熻垏p-v鍦栦笂鐨勬洸绶氬寘瑁圭殑闈㈢⿳鏈夐棞(gu膩n)锛岃€屾晥鐜囧彧璺熸韩搴鏈夐棞(gu膩n)銆�

銆€銆€3銆佸嫊(d貌ng)锛氶€熺巼鍒嗗竷鍑芥暩(sh霉)锛歠(v)*dv=dn/n 銆庡湪楹ュ厠鏂煁閫熺巼鍒嗗竷鏇茬窔涓嬬殑浠绘剰涓€濉婇潰绌嶇瓑浜庣浉鎳�(y墨ng)閫熺巼鍗€(q奴)闁撳収(n猫i)鍒嗗瓙鏁�(sh霉)鍗犵附鍒嗗瓙鏁�(sh霉)鐨勭櫨鍒嗘瘮?锛佺幆楠勵姪願间烤钑峖2=3rt/m 鍒嗗瓙鐨勫钩鍧囬€熺巼=v*f(v)*dv鐨勯浂~姝ｇ劇(w煤)绐⿳鍒�銆�

銆€銆€鍒嗗瓙骞冲潎鑷敱绋�銆佸钩鍧囩鎾為牷鐜囪垏p銆乿銆乼鐨勯棞(gu膩n)绯�銆�

銆€銆€p=nkt (n=n/v 琛ㄧず鍠綅楂旂⿳鍒嗗瓙鏁�(sh霉))

銆€銆€4銆佹尝锛歽=acos[w(t-x/v)] 娉㈡部x杌告鏂瑰悜鍌虫挱锛宲榛�(di菐n)璺漮榛�(di菐n)璺濋洟x锛�

銆€銆€浠嬭唱(zh矛)鍏冪殑鍕�(d貌ng)鑳藉拰鍕�(sh矛)鑳戒箣鏄悓鐩歌畩鍖栫殑銆傜暥(d膩ng)浠嬭唱(zh矛)鍏冭檿鍦ㄥ钩琛′綅缃檪(sh铆)锛屽叾鍕�(d貌ng)鑳藉拰鍕�(sh矛)鑳藉悓鏅�(sh铆)閬�(d谩)鍒版渶澶у€�;鐣�(d膩ng)浠嬭唱(zh矛)鍏冭檿鍦ㄦ渶澶т綅绉绘檪(sh铆)锛屽叾鍕�(d貌ng)鑳藉拰鍕�(sh矛)鑳藉悓鏅�(sh铆)閬�(d谩)鍒版渶灏忓€�銆�

銆€銆€娉㈢殑寮�(qi谩ng)搴﹁垏娉㈢殑鎸箙骞虫柟鎴愭姣�銆�

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銆€銆€椐愭尝鐨勬尝褰㈢壒寰侊細鍏╁€�(g猫)娉㈢瘈(ji茅)(鎴栨尝骞�)鐨勯枔璺濈偤位/2锛屽悓涓€娈典笂鐨勫悇榛�(di菐n)鐨勬尟鍕�(d貌ng)鍚岀浉锛岃€岄殧闁嬩竴鍊�(g猫)娉㈢瘈(ji茅)鐨勫叐榛�(di菐n)鐨勬尟鍕�(d貌ng)鍙嶇浉銆傚叐鍊�(g猫)鐩搁劙娉㈢瘈(ji茅)鍏�(n猫i)鍚勯粸(di菐n)鐨勬尟鍕�(d貌ng)鐩镐綅宸偤0銆�

鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍″弸鎯呮彁绀�锛氬鏋滄偍鍦ㄦ閬�(gu貌)绋嬩腑閬囧埌浠讳綍鐤戝晱(w猫n)锛岃珛(q菒ng)鐧婚寗鐠�(hu谩n)鐞冪恫(w菐ng)鏍�绲�(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)宸ョ▼甯€冭│璜栧锛岄毃鏅�(sh铆)鑸囧唬澶ц€冪敓鏈嬪弸鍊戜竴璧蜂氦娴�!

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