2019年上半年成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試練習(xí)及答案(4)
2019年上半年成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試練習(xí)及答案(4)
一、詞匯和語(yǔ)法
1.It is obvious that this new rule is applicable to everyone without _____.
A.exception
B.exclusion
C.modification
D.substitution
[答案] A
[譯文] 很明顯,這條規(guī)定適用于任何人,沒(méi)有例外。
[解析] Without exception為固定搭配,表示“毫無(wú)例外,無(wú)一例外”。Exclusion表示“排除,排外”;modification的意思是“更改,修正”;substitution表示“替代”。
2.Last night he saw two dark _____ enter the building, and then there was the explosion.
A.features
B.figures
C.sketches
D.images
[答案] B
[譯文] 昨天晚上他看見(jiàn)兩個(gè)黑影進(jìn)了大樓,然后就發(fā)生了爆炸。
[解析] Feature 表示“特征,特點(diǎn)”;sketch的意思是“素描,梗概,草圖”;image表示“形象”;而figure表示“外形,輪廓,體型”,符合上下文。
3.Faced with rapid inflation and _____ international and home markets, many firms have declared bankrupt.
A. lessening
B. shortening
C. shrinking
D. withdrawing
[答案] C。考查近義動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)義辨析。各選項(xiàng)的意思及用法分別是:選項(xiàng)Alessening減少,減輕,側(cè)重指程度、重要性等的減輕。如:The defeat lessened our chances of winning the championship.此次失敗使我們奪冠的希望變得更加渺茫。lessen the burden of減輕負(fù)擔(dān);選項(xiàng)Bshortening縮短,變短,如The days are beginning to shorten.天開(kāi)始變短了。shorten the gap between縮小……之間的差距;選項(xiàng)Cshrinking使收縮,縮小,減少,側(cè)重指尺寸、大小等的變小。如:The number of students attending the lecture has shrunk.聽(tīng)講座的學(xué)生人數(shù)減少了。Will this soap shrink woolen clothes?這種肥皂會(huì)使羊毛衣服縮水嗎?選項(xiàng)D withdrawing收回,撤退,撤銷,如:After awhile, he withdrew his proposal.過(guò)了一會(huì)兒,他撤回了他的提議。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項(xiàng)C應(yīng)為正確答案。全句意思是“面對(duì)通貨膨脹和日益縮小的國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng),許多公司都已宜布破產(chǎn)”。
4.We'd better eliminate junk foods from our kitchen and keep a variety of high-quality foods _____ at all times.
A. available
B. desirable
C. enormous
D. numerous
[答案] A??疾樾稳菰~語(yǔ)義環(huán)境。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是:選項(xiàng)Aavailable現(xiàn)成可使用的,在手邊的,可利用的;選項(xiàng)Bdesirable稱心如意的,值得有的,如I envy Jane because her job is so desirable.我很羨慕簡(jiǎn),因?yàn)樗幸环莺芊Q心的工作。選項(xiàng)Cenormous巨大的,極大的,龐大的;選項(xiàng)Dnumerous許多的,很多的,如:This is a conclusion he has drawn from numerous facts.這是他從很多事實(shí)當(dāng)中得出的結(jié)論。根據(jù)題干可判斷出選項(xiàng)A應(yīng)為正確答案。全句的意思為“我們應(yīng)清除廚房里的垃圾食品,而使各種高質(zhì)量的食物隨手可及”。
5.The purpose of your resume is to _____ enough interest in you to have an employer contact you for an interview.
A. assemble
B. generate
C. yield
D. gather
[答案] B??疾閯?dòng)詞的語(yǔ)義辨析。各選項(xiàng)的意思分別是:選項(xiàng)Aassemble意為“集合,聚集,召集;裝配”,如:The whole school assembled in the main hall.全校學(xué)生在大禮堂集合。Before you assemble the model plane, read the instructions.在你組裝模型飛機(jī)前,先讀說(shuō)明書。選項(xiàng)Bgenerate意為“生成,產(chǎn)生(光、熱、電等;引起(興趣等”,如:News of the Queen's visit is generating a lot of excitement.女皇來(lái)訪的消息使大家感到非常興奮。選項(xiàng)Cyield意為“生產(chǎn),產(chǎn)生(利潤(rùn)、回報(bào)等;投降,屈服”,如:His business yields big profits.他的生意利潤(rùn)豐厚。選項(xiàng)Dgather意為“聚集,集合;收集,采集”,如:Many people gathered in the town square.很多人聚集在市政廣場(chǎng)。該題需注意選項(xiàng)B和選項(xiàng)C在搭配上的區(qū)別。根據(jù)題意,選項(xiàng)B應(yīng)為正確答案。全句意思為是“簡(jiǎn)歷就是要充分引起雇主對(duì)你的興趣,并達(dá)到進(jìn)一步聯(lián)系面試的目的”。
6.Some concepts may be difficult to grasp chiefly because they may be unfamiliar or _____ ideas, opinions which we already hold.
A. in accordance with
B. in conflict with
C. in favor of
D. in response to
[答案] B??疾榻樵~短語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)義。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是:選項(xiàng)Ain accordance with依照,根據(jù);選項(xiàng)Bin conflict with與……相沖突;選項(xiàng)Cin favor of支持,贊同;選項(xiàng)Din response to作為對(duì)……的反應(yīng)。根據(jù)題意可判斷出選項(xiàng)B為正確答案。全句的意思為“一些觀念很難讓人領(lǐng)會(huì)主要是因?yàn)槲覀儗?duì)其不熟悉或者是因?yàn)榕c我們?cè)械挠^點(diǎn)相矛盾”。
7.The city government has determined to get _____ with people who try to escape paying taxes.
A. rough
B. tough
C. rigid
D. bold
[答案] B??疾樾稳菰~語(yǔ)義及搭配。能與介詞with搭配的只有選項(xiàng)Btough,get tough with/on sb.意為“對(duì)……采取堅(jiān)決態(tài)度;對(duì)……采用強(qiáng)硬手段”。其余選項(xiàng)的意思分別是:選項(xiàng)Arough意為“粗糙的;粗野的,粗暴的;粗略的,大致的”;選項(xiàng)Crigid(行為觀點(diǎn)等嚴(yán)格的,死板的,不易改變的;選項(xiàng)Dbold意為“勇敢的,無(wú)畏的;冒失的,魯莽的”。全句的意思是“政府部門決心采取強(qiáng)硬手段來(lái)懲治偷稅人員”。
8.Human beings are superior to animals _____ they can use language as a tool to communicate.
A. for which
B. in which
C. in that
D. for that
答案:C
詳解:答案為C。in that表示“因?yàn)?,既?rdquo;
9.Do you know the name of that _____ insect?
A. funny, little, red, mosquito-like
B. little, funny, mosquito-like, red
C. red, little, funny, mosquito-like
D. mosquito-like, red, little, funny
答案:A
詳解:答案為A。本題考核修飾語(yǔ)的排列順序:限定詞—數(shù)詞—一般描繪性形容詞—表示大小、形狀的形容詞—表示年齡、新舊的形容詞—表示色彩的形容詞—表示國(guó)籍、地區(qū)、出處的形容詞—表示物質(zhì)、材料的形容詞—表示用途、類別的形容詞—被修飾名詞。了解個(gè)大概順序,如果記不得,只有讀幾遍憑語(yǔ)感來(lái)選擇。
10.The time has come _____ we make extensive use of nuclear energy.
A. When
B. while
C. as
D. since
答案:A
詳解:答案為A。when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾time,有時(shí)為了使句子平衡,也就是使主語(yǔ)不必過(guò)長(zhǎng),而把定語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句后置于謂語(yǔ)之后。如:The news came that our team won the match.
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