成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試閱讀理解：比較題型
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成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試閱讀理解：比較題型的表現(xiàn)形式主要有以下幾種：
(一)比較級(jí)與含有比較意義的詞匯手段和句型結(jié)構(gòu)
1.表示比較級(jí)的more+形容詞(或副詞)和形容詞(或副詞)+er形式;
2.表示最高級(jí)的most+形容詞(或副詞)和形容詞(或副詞)+est形式;
3.表示比較的詞匯手段：parallel，rival，match，differ from，like，unlike，different from等;
4.表示比較的句型結(jié)構(gòu)：in the same way;as…as等。
(二)表示絕對(duì)意義的字眼
first(第一)，least(最少，最少)，always(老是)，never(永不)，foremost(最)，uttermost(最)，all(所有)，none(一個(gè)也不)，any(任何)。
(三)表示惟一性的詞匯
only，sole，unique，simply(只要)，just(只要)。
閱讀時(shí)最好能圈劃表示最高級(jí)、惟一性和絕對(duì)意義的詞匯，便于做題時(shí)回原文定位。
例1
Britain almost more than any other country in the world must seriously face the problem of building upwards, that is to say, of accommodating a considerable propor-tion of its population in high blocks of flats. It is said that the Englishman objects to this type of existence, but if the case is such, he does in fact differ from the inhabit- ants of most countries of the world today. In the past our own blocks of flats have been associated with the lower-income groups and they have lacked the obvious provi- sions, such as central heating, constant hot water supply, electrically operated lifts from top to bottom, and so on, as well as such details important not withstanding(然而), as easy facilities for disposal of dust and rubbish and storage places for baby car-riages on the ground floor, playgrounds for children on the top of the buildings, and drying grounds for washing. It is likely that the dispute regarding flats versus(對(duì)，對(duì)抗)individual houses will continue to rage on for a long time as far as Britain is con-cerned. And it is unfortunate that there should be hot feelings on both sides whenever this subject is raised. Those who oppose the building of flats base their case primarily on the assumption(設(shè)想)that everyone prefers an individual home and garden and on the high cost per unit of accommodation. The latter ignores the higher cost of provi- ding full services to a scattered community and the cost in both money and time of the journeys to work for the suburban resident.
We can infer from the passage that ____.
A. English people, like most people in other countries, dislike living in flats
B. people in most countries of the world today are not opposed to living in flats
C. people in Britain are forced to move into high blocks of flats
D. modern flats still fail to provide the necessary facilities for living
本題考核根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行推斷的能力。雖然題目說(shuō)we can infer from the passage that…，但實(shí)際上答案出在本篇開(kāi)頭的兩句話(huà)。第二句話(huà)強(qiáng)調(diào)指出，英國(guó)人(在住房問(wèn)題上)確實(shí)與當(dāng)今世界上許多國(guó)家的居民有著不同的看法。如果英國(guó)人反對(duì)住高層公寓，那么世界上許多國(guó)家的居民便不反對(duì)住高層公寓，因此答案是B.假如閱讀時(shí)能注意到表示比較的詞組"differ from"和最高級(jí)"most"，就知道英國(guó)人與世界上許多國(guó)家的居民在住高層公寓方面形成對(duì)比，做這道題時(shí)就容易多了。
例2
A rapid means of long-distance transportation became a necessity for the United States as settlement(新拓居地)spread over farther westward. The early trains were impractical curiosities, and for a long time the railroad companies met with trouble-some mechanical problems. The most serious ones were the construction of rails able to bear the load, and the development of a safe, effective stopping system. once these were solved, the railroad was established as the best means of land transportation. By 1860 there were thousands of miles of railroads crossing the eastern mountain ranges and reaching westward to the Mississippi. There were also regional southern and western lines.
The major problems with America's railroad system in the mid 19th century lay in
A. poor quality rails and unreliable stopping systems
B. lack of financial support for development
C. limited railroad lines
D. lack of a transcontinental railroad
本題問(wèn)的是19世紀(jì)中葉美國(guó)鐵路系統(tǒng)存在的問(wèn)題。作者在第三句中指出，當(dāng)時(shí)最嚴(yán)重的技術(shù)問(wèn)題是the construction of rails able to bear the road和the development ofa safe，effective stopping system，所以答案為A項(xiàng)。這個(gè)問(wèn)題與該句的比較考點(diǎn)(最高級(jí))相聯(lián)系The most serious ones were…
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