2014年職稱英語(衛(wèi)生類)教材閱讀判斷文章及譯文2

      衛(wèi)生類-閱讀判斷

　　Most Adults in US Have Low Risk of Heart Disease

　　More than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10?percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years, according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.

　　“I hope that these numbers will give physicians, researchers, health policy analysts, and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population,” lead author Dr. Earl S. Ford, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention1 in Atlanta, said in a statement.

　　The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects, between 20 and 79 years of age, who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.

　　Overall, 82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent, 15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent, and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.

　　The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age, and men were more likely than women to be in this group.2 By contrast3, race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.

　　Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10?year risk of heart disease, a large proportion have a high or immediate risk4, Dr. Daniel S. Berman, from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, and Dr. Nathan D. Wong, from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial.

　　Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward, they add.

　　注釋：

　　1.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention:疾病防控中心

　　2.The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age, and men were more likely than women to be in this group.實驗對象年齡越大,在最高風(fēng)險組中所占的比例也越大;男人進(jìn)入該組的可能性亦大于女人。

　　3.by contrast:對比之下

　　4.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10?year risk of heart disease, a large proportion have a high or immediate risk...: 盡管報告提示大多數(shù)成年人十年內(nèi)患心臟病的風(fēng)險較低,但是在有風(fēng)險者中,很大一部分所面臨的風(fēng)險卻是很高的或是刻不容緩的……

　　練習(xí)：

　　1.The 10?year risk of heart disease is low for most US adults.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　2.Only 3 percent of US adults have a more than 10 percent 10?year risk of heart disease.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　3.More than 100 thousand people participated in the survey.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　4.There was a greater proportion of men than women in the survey.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　5.The distributions of the risk of heart disease are closely related to race.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　6.Elderly people have a higher risk of heart disease than younger people.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　7.The US government will take measures to reduce the overall population risk.

　　A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned

　　答案與題解：

　　1.A文章第一段提到,美國80%以上的成年人未來十年內(nèi)患心臟病的風(fēng)險低于10%，而文章第六段進(jìn)而表明該數(shù)字是低的。

　　2.B文章第四段提到,未來十年內(nèi),美國成年人患心臟病的風(fēng)險高于10%的可分為兩類,一類是10%至20%之間的占15%，另一類是20%以上的占3%。

　　3.B文章第三段提到,有13,769人參加了此次調(diào)查,即有一萬多人參加了此次調(diào)查,而“more than 100 thousand people”表示的是“十萬多人”。

　　4.C文章第五段提到,男人進(jìn)入最高風(fēng)險組的概率大于女人,但并沒有表明參加此次調(diào)查的男性多于女性。

　　5.B文章第五段提到,種族對患病風(fēng)險的分布影響很小。

　　6.A文章第五段提到,年齡越大,進(jìn)入最高風(fēng)險組的比例也就越大。

　　7.C文章第七段提到,研究人員說,只有采取積極的治療措施和公共衛(wèi)生政策才能降低所有人群患病的風(fēng)險概率,但并沒有提及美國政府是否會這樣做。

　　譯文：在美國大多數(shù)成年人有低風(fēng)險的心臟疾病

　　根據(jù)《美國心臟病學(xué)雜志》上的報告，80%以上的美國成年人在今后十年內(nèi)患心臟病的風(fēng)險不到10%。只有3%的人患心臟病的風(fēng)險超過了20%。

　　來自美國疾病控制中心的第一作者Earl S. Ford博士在一次報告中說：“我希望這些數(shù)字能夠使外科醫(yī)生、研究者、衛(wèi)生政策分析家和其他人更好地了解冠心病在美國人口中的分布狀況。”

　　這些研究結(jié)果基于對13769個20歲至79歲的實驗對象的數(shù)據(jù)分析得到的，他們參與了1988年到1994年的第三次全國衛(wèi)生和營養(yǎng)普查。

　　總的來說，82%的成年人患心臟病的風(fēng)險低于10%，15%的人風(fēng)險在10%-20%之間，3%的人風(fēng)險高于20%。

　　實驗對象年齡越大，在最高風(fēng)險組中所占的比例越大;男人進(jìn)入該組的可能性亦大于女人。對比之下，種族對心臟病風(fēng)險的分布沒有什么作用。

　　來自洛杉磯的西達(dá)――西奈醫(yī)學(xué)中心的Daniel S. Berman博士和來自加利福尼亞大學(xué)的Nathan D. wang博士在一個相關(guān)的評論中說道，盡管報告顯示大多數(shù)成年人十年內(nèi)患心臟病的風(fēng)險較低，但是在有風(fēng)險者中，很大一部分所面臨的風(fēng)險卻是很高的或是刻不容緩的。

　　他們補充說，需要積極的治療措施和公共衛(wèi)生政策來使整體人口的患病的風(fēng)險降低。