2016年職稱英語(yǔ)《衛(wèi)生類》閱讀判斷練習(xí)第三套

　　Sleep Problems Plague the Older Set(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語(yǔ)《衛(wèi)生類》閱讀判斷練習(xí)第三套)

　　Older Americans often have difficulty getting a good night'S rest.It's a huge quality—of-life problem,experts say,because contrary to popular belief,seniors require about the same amount of sleep as younger adults.

　　"Sleep problems and sleep disorders are not an inherent(固有的)pa rt of aging,"said Dr.Harrison G.Bloom,an associate clinical professor of geriatrics(老年病學(xué))and medicine at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City."It'S pretty much of a myth that older people need less sleep than younger people."

　　Yet.in a study published recently in The American Journal of Medicine,researchers found that more than half of older Americans have problems getting the sleep they need.

　　older people tend to have"sleep fragmentation,"meaning they wake up more often during the night,said study author Dr.Julie Gammck,an assistant professor of medicine in the Division of Geriatric Medicine at St.Louis University.

　　They also seem to get less"REM"sleep,the type of sleep during which rapid eye movement occurs,Bloom added.

　　It's unclear what role these naturally occurring changes in sleep patterns have on person's quality of life,Bloom said."What is important,though,is that older people often have actual sleep disorders and problems with sleep,"he said.

　　And,experts say,there is usually more than one cause.

　　"Sleep trouble in older adults is typically associated with acute and chronic illnesses,including specific sleep disorders like sleep apnea(呼吸暫停)and restless leg syndrome that appear with greater frequency in older populations,"said Michael V.Vitiello , a professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and associate director of the University of Washington'S Northwest Geriatric Education Center.

　　Taking multiple medications,as many older people do,can also lead t0 fatigue a" hypersomnia"or being tired all the time,Bloom added.

　　Another big problem,he noted,IS depression and anxiety."Those are very commonly associated with sleep problems."

　　Despite the prevalence(流行)of sleep difficulties in older adults,many patients Aren't getting the help they need。As a result,problems like insomnia(失眠),restless leg syndrome and sleep apnea are underdiagnosed and undertreated,Bloom said.

　　16. Sleep problems can seriously affect one's quality of life

　　A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

　　17. it is true that older people need less sleep than younger people

　　A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

　　18 Younger people in America seldom complain of sleep disorders.

　　A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

　　19. The number of older Americans with sleep problems is not small.

　　A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

　　20. "SIeep fragmentation" refers to a marked lack of "REM" sleep

　　A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

　　21. The causes of sleep problems in older people remain unidentified.

　　A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

　　22. Actions will soon be taken in America to better help people with sleep problems

　　A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

　　參考答案：ABCABBC(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語(yǔ)《衛(wèi)生類》閱讀判斷練習(xí)第三套)

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　　【摘要】環(huán)球網(wǎng)校：2016年職稱英語(yǔ)考試即將開(kāi)始報(bào)名，目前備考2016年職稱英語(yǔ)考試的考生也在循序漸進(jìn)的復(fù)習(xí)中。對(duì)此，環(huán)球小編整理了《2016年職稱英語(yǔ)《衛(wèi)生類》閱讀判斷練習(xí)第三套》，希望備考2016年職稱英語(yǔ)考試的考生都能順利通關(guān)。
 

　　In Your Face(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語(yǔ)《衛(wèi)生類》閱讀判斷練習(xí)第三套)

　　Why is this man so angry?We don't know the reason,but we can see the emotion in his face.Whatever culture you come from,you can understand the feeling that he is expressing.Forty years ago,psychologist Paul Ekman of the University of California,San Francisco,became interested in how people's faces show their feelings.He took photographs of Americans expressing various emotions.Then he showed them to the Fore people,who live in the jungle in New Guinea.Most of the Fore had never seen foreign faces,but they easily understood Americans'expressions of anger,happiness,sadness,disgust,fear,and surprise.

　　Then Ekman did the same experiment in reverse.He showed pictures of Fore faces to Americans,and the results were similar.Americans had no problems reading the emotions on the Fore people's faces.Ekman's research gave powerful support to the theory that facial expressions for basic emotions are the same everywhere.He did more research in Japan,Brazil,and Argentina,and got the same results.

　　According to Ekman,these six emotions are universal because they are built into our brains.They developed to help us deal with things quickly that might hurt us.Some emotional triggers are universal as well.When something suddenly comes into sight,people feel fear,because it might be dangerous.But most emotional triggers are learned.For example,two people might smell newly cut grass.One person spent wonderful summers in the country as a child,so the smell makes him happy.The other person remembers working very hard on a farm and being hungry,so he feels sad.

　　Once we make an emotional association in our brain,it is difficult,and sometimes impossible,to change it."Emotion is the least changeable part of the brain,"says Ekman.But we can learn to manage our emotions better.For instance,we can be more aware of things that make us angry,and we can think before we react.

　　There are many differences between cultures,in their languages and customs.But a smile is exactly the same everywhere.

　　16 Paul Ekman studies people's faces in different cultures.

　　A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

　　17 Ekman did research in several countries and got different results.

　　A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

　　18 Americans get angry more often than the Fore people from New Guinea.

　　A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

　　19 Ekman thinks that some basic emotions are the same everywhere.

　　A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

　　20 Two people might feel different emotions about the same thing.

　　A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

　　21 Fear is the most difficult emotion to change.

　　A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

　　22 People of different cultures smile when they understand each other.

　　A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned

　　參考答案: 16.A 17.B 18.C 19.A 20.A 21.C 22.C

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