2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補全短文專項小測第五套

更新時間：2015-12-10 11:50:58 來源：環(huán)球網(wǎng)校

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摘要　　【摘要】環(huán)球網(wǎng)校：2016年職稱英語考試即將開始報名，目前備考2016年職稱英語考試的考生也在循序漸進的復習中。對此，環(huán)球小編整理了《2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補全短文專項小測匯總》，希望備考2016年

　　【摘要】環(huán)球網(wǎng)校：2016年職稱英語考試即將開始報名，目前備考2016年職稱英語考試的考生也在循序漸進的復習中。對此，環(huán)球小編整理了《2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補全短文專項小測匯總》，希望備考2016年職稱英語考試的考生都能順利通關。

　　相關推薦：2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補全短文專項小測匯總

　　Avalanche and Its Safety

　　An avalanche is a sudden and rapid flow of snow,often mixed with air and water,down a mountainside.Avalanches are 1 the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property.

　　All avalanches are caused by an over=burden of material,typically snowpack,that is too massive and unstable for the slope 2 supports it.Determining the critical load,the amount of over-burden which is 3 to cause an avalanche,4 a complex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors.

　　Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeper than 60 degrees typically have a low5 of avalanche.Snow does not6 significantly on steep slopes;also,snow does not7 easily on fiat slopes.Human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snow's angle of rest 1is 8 35 and 45 degrees;the critical angle,the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest,is 38 degrees.The rule of thumb2 is:A slope that is 9 enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski has the potential to generate an avalanche,regardless of the angle.Additionally3,avalanche risk increases with 10 ;that is,the more a slope is disturbed by skiers,the more likely it is that an avalanche will occur.

　　Due to the complexity of the subject,winter travelling in the backcountry4 is never 100% safe.Good avalanche safety is a continuous 11 ,including route selection and examination to the snowpack,weather 12 ,and human factors.Several well-known good habits can also 13 the risk.If local authorities issue avalanche risk reports,they should be considered and all warnings should be paid 14 to.Never follow in the tracks of others without your own evaluations;snow conditions are almost certain to have changed since they were made.Observe the terrain and note obvious avalanche paths where plants are 15 or damaged.Avoid traveling below others who might trigger an avalanche.

　　詞匯：

　　avalanche n.雪崩 trigger v.引起，激發(fā)(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補全短文專項小測第五套)

　　snowpack n.積雪場 incidence n.發(fā)生(率)

　　terrain n.地形，地勢 ski v.滑雪

　　steep adj.險峻的，陡峭的 complexity n.復雜性

　　注釋：

　　1.angle of rest：這里指積雪保持靜止的角度。

　　2.rule of.thumb：指“a broadly accurate principle，based on experience or practice rather that theory”，即“通用法則，經(jīng)驗法則”。

　　3.Additionally：是一個副詞，用來引人新的事實或論點，意為“此外”。

　　4.backcountry：人煙稀少的地區(qū)。

　　練習：

　　1.A among B of C to D in

　　2.A when B that C who D whose

　　3.A mostly B likely C clearly D surely

　　4.A are B will be C is D was

　　5.A weight B form C risk D work

　　6.A fall B flow C roll D gather

　　7.A fall B flow C roll D gather

　　8.A among B between C with D for

　　9.A thick B thin C flat D rocky

　　10.A use B time C snow D rain

　　11.A journey B trip C fact D process

　　12.A conditions B reports C forecast D event

　　13.A increase B reduce C improve D remove

　　14.A price B effort C attention D money

　　15.A missing B grown C big D fresh

　　2016職稱英語考試《衛(wèi)生類》考點詞匯匯總

　　2016職稱英語《衛(wèi)生類》語法考點匯總
 　　【備考經(jīng)驗】2016年職稱英語詞匯記憶技巧匯總

　　2016年職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類輔導資料匯總
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　　相關推薦：2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補全短文專項小測匯總

　　答案與題解：(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補全短文專項小測第五套)

　　1.A表達“雪崩是山上可能發(fā)生的最大危險之一”的意思，因此應該選擇among(在……之中)。

　　2.B從該句的語法結構上來看，此處需要一個關系代詞，代替slope，所以that是最佳選擇。選項A、C、D均不符合語法。

　　3.B選項A不符合語法，c和D符合語法，但不符合常識：過度的雪的積壓可能導致雪崩，而不是必定導致雪崩。所以，B是最佳答案。

　　4.C該句的主語是Determining the critical load，從上下文來看應該使用一般現(xiàn)在時，所以C是正確答案。

　　5.C要確定本題答案的一個有效的方法是排除法。a.10w weight/form work of avalanche都不合邏輯，只有a low risk of avalanche符合上下文的意思。下面的句子解釋了low risk of avalanche的道理，更證實了選risk是正確的。

　　6.D第6和第7題可以一起考慮。整個句子的意思是：在坡度大的坡上，雪不會大量堆積。

　　在較為平坦的坡面，雪不會輕易滑動。

　　7.B(見6)

　　8.B理解了句子的意思就不難判斷選項：雪在靜止狀態(tài)下，角度在35_45度之間，最可能發(fā)生人為觸發(fā)的雪崩。between：在……之間。

　　9.C這個句子說明的是什么樣的山坡最易發(fā)生雪崩，即，A slope that is flat enough to hold snow but steep enough to ski.flat在此做“平坦”解，與后面的steep形成反義。

　　10.A句中的that is表明，后半部分是對前半部分的進一步說明。所以，這里的選擇要根據(jù)下文的意思判斷。use是最佳選擇，整個句子的意思是：山坡被滑雪者使用的越多，雪崩就越可能發(fā)生。、

　　11.D盡管選項A、B和D都能和continuous搭配，從全段的內容判斷，只有process是最佳選擇，因為該段描寫的是如何防備雪崩，及如何做好安全措施等一系列問題。

　　12.A選項A、B、c都可以與weather搭配，但是根據(jù)上下文，只有A最為符合文章的內容。

　　13.B選項A不符合句子的意思;c不能和risk搭配;D也不符合句子的意思，因為不可能完全消除雪崩的隱患。

　　14.C該句主句使用的是被動語態(tài)，第二個動詞是pay attention t0的被動形式。l選項A、B、D均不符合句子的意思。

　　15.A該句是作者給出的一系列忠告之一，即，認真觀察地形，注意明顯的雪崩路徑：沒有植物或植物被毀壞的地方。選項8、C、D均不符合句義。

　　2016職稱英語考試《衛(wèi)生類》考點詞匯匯總

　　2016職稱英語《衛(wèi)生類》語法考點匯總
 　　【備考經(jīng)驗】2016年職稱英語詞匯記憶技巧匯總

　　相關推薦：2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補全短文專項小測匯總

　　1 A few countries are using powerful electromagnets to develop high-speed trains,called maglev trains. Maglev is short for magnetic levitation 1 ,which means that these trains float over a guide way using the basic principles of magnets to replace the old steel wheel and track trains.

　　2 If you've ever played with magnets,you know that opposite poles attract and like poles repel each other2. This is the basic principle behind electromagnetic propulsion. Electromagnets are similar to other magnets in that they attract metal objects,but the magnetic pull is temporary. You can easily create a small electromagnet yourself by connecting the ends of a copper wire to the positive and negative ends of an AA-cell battery3. This creates a small magnetic field. If you disconnect either end of the wire from the battery,the magnetic field is taken away.(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補全短文專項小測第五套)

　　3 The magnetic field created in this wire-and-battery experiment is the simple idea behind a maglev train rail system. There are three components to this system： A large electrical power source,metal coils lining a guide way or track,and large guidance magnets attached to the underside of the train.

　　4 The big difference between a maglev train and a conventional train is that maglev trains do not have an engine —— at least not the kind of engine used to pull typical train cars along steel tracks4. The engine for maglev trains is rather innoticeable. Instead of using fossil fuels,the magnetic field created by the electrified coils in the guideway walls and the track combines to propel the trains5.

　　5 The magnetized coil running along the track,called a guideway,repels the large magnets on the train's undercarriage,allowing the train to levitate between 1 to 10 cm above the guideway. Once the train is levitated,power is supplied to the coils within the guideway walls to create a unique system of magnetic fields that pull and push~ th train along the guideway. The electric current supplied to the coils in the guideway walls is constantly alternating to change the polarity of the magnetized coils. This change in polarity causes the magnetic field in front of the train to pull the vehicle forward,while the magnetic field behind the train adds more forward thrust.

　　6 Maglev trains float on a cushion of air',eliminating friction. This lack of friction allows these trains to reach unprecedented ground transportation speeds of more than 500 kph,or twice as fast as the fastest conventional train. At 500 kph,you could travel from Paris to Rome in just over two hours.

　　詞匯：

　　Levitate v. 懸浮 electrified v. 使帶電

　　Levitation n. 懸浮 magnetize v. 使帶磁

　　guideway n. 導向槽 line v.排列成行

　　propelb vt. 推進 underside n.下側，下面

　　propulsion n. 推進 undercarriage n. 車盤

　　注釋：

　　1. Maglev is short for magnetic levitation ：maglev 是 magnetic levitation 的縮略詞。

　　2. opposite poles attract and like poles repel each other：異極相吸，同極相斥

　　3. AA-cell battery：5號電池

　　4. at least not the kind of engine used to pull typical train cars along steel tracks：至少不是沿著軌道拉動典型的火車車廂的那種發(fā)動機。

　　5. the magnetic field created by the electrified coils in the guideway walls and the track combine to propel the train：由嵌入導向壁內的電磁線圈產(chǎn)生的磁場加上軌道，一起推動火車前進。The magnetic field 和 the track 是句子主語，created by the electrified coils in the guideway walls 是過去分詞短語，用作定語，修飾the magnetic field.

　　練習：(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補全短文專項小測第五套)

　　1. Paragraph 3

　　2. Paragraph 4

　　3. Paragraph 5

　　A The Main Components of the Maglev Train System

　　B High-speed Maglev due to Zero Friction

　　C The Working Principle of the Maglev Train

　　D Differences between Polarity and Magnetic Field

　　E Comparison of Maglev Trains with Traditional Ones

　　F Maglev with a Powerful Motor

　　4. Paragraph 6

　　5. Several countries in the world are using strong electromagnets

　　6. You can connect a wire to the positive and negative ends of a battery .

　　7. A unique system of magnetic fields is created by the coils

　　8. The frictionless maglev train enables you

　　A to develop a maglev train rail system

　　B To explain why maglev trains are faster

　　C to pull and push the train forward

　　D to create a magnetic field

　　E to experiment with the maglev train

　　F to travel from Paris to Rome in about two hours

　　2016職稱英語考試《衛(wèi)生類》考點詞匯匯總

　　2016職稱英語《衛(wèi)生類》語法考點匯總
 　　【備考經(jīng)驗】2016年職稱英語詞匯記憶技巧匯總

　　相關推薦：2016年職稱英語考試《綜合類》補全短文專項小測匯總

　　答案與題解：

　　1. 第三段了舉了磁浮列車的三個組成部分，動力源、金屬線圈和此貼。選項A 概括了第三段列的內容。

　　2. E 第四段就磁浮列車和傳統(tǒng)火車進行了比較：磁浮列車沒有發(fā)動機而傳統(tǒng)火車有發(fā)動機。選項C用comparsion 來概括是準確的。

　　3. C 第五段比較詳細的介紹了為什么磁浮列車會向前運動，也就揭示了磁浮列車的工作原理。

　　4. B 在第五段解釋了磁浮列車浮起和向前運動的原理之后，作者在第六段中進行了磁浮列車速度奇快的原因：去除了傳統(tǒng)火車的車輪于鐵軌的摩擦。

　　5. A 選A 的依據(jù)是本文第一段第一句：A few countries using powerful electromagnets to develop high-speed trains,called maglev trains.

　　6.D第二段說，把電線與干電池相連接就能產(chǎn)生一個小磁場，而磁浮列車的運動原理與此相同。第二段第四句是選擇D的依據(jù)。

　　7. C第五段的第二句，即“0nce the train is levitated，power is supplied to the coils within the guideway walls to create a unique system of magnetic fields that pull and push the train along the guideway”，是選擇c的依據(jù)。

　　8.F本文最后一句舉出坐上時速500公里的磁浮列車從巴黎到羅馬只需約2小時這個例子來說明磁浮列車速度之快。

　　2016職稱英語考試《衛(wèi)生類》考點詞匯匯總

　　2016職稱英語《衛(wèi)生類》語法考點匯總
 　　【備考經(jīng)驗】2016年職稱英語詞匯記憶技巧匯總