新概念雙語：研究：工作環(huán)境如何影響大腦功能

A new study from the Florida State University suggests that inadequate amount of stimulation in the workplace and an unclean working environment can both affect the brain functions of employees on the long run。

來自佛羅里達州大學(xué)的新研究顯示，工作場所刺激量的不足和不潔凈的工作環(huán)境從長遠來看均會影響員工的大腦功能。

Previously， researchers have been debating whether dirty workplace or working in an unstimulating environment that took the biggest toll on brain health as people aged。

此前，研究人員一直在爭論，隨著年齡增長，骯臟的工作場所或不刺激的工作環(huán)境是否會對人的腦部健康產(chǎn)生最大的影響。

“Psychologists say that the brain is a muscle， while industrial hygienists point to chemicals in the work environment that may cause decline，” explained Joseph Grzywacz， the Norejane Hendrickson Professor of Family and Child Sciences and lead researcher on the study， in a statement。

“心理學(xué)家說腦是肌肉，而工業(yè)衛(wèi)生學(xué)家指出工作環(huán)境的化學(xué)物質(zhì)可能導(dǎo)致其衰退，”家庭和兒童科學(xué)教授及該研究的首席研究員Joseph Grzywacz在一份聲明中說。

The new study， published in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine， suggests that both workplace cleanliness and stimulation plays an important role in the long-term cognitive well-being of employees。

這個新研究發(fā)表在《職業(yè)和環(huán)境醫(yī)學(xué)》期刊上，它介紹了工作場所的清潔和刺激在長期來看對員工的認知健康起著重要的作用。

“There are real things in the workplace that can shape cognitive function： some that you can see or touch， and others you can’t。 We showed that both matter to cognitive health in adulthood，” Grywacs added in a press release。

“工作場所的一些東西真的能夠塑造認知功能：一些東西你看得見摸得著，一些卻不能。我們展示了這些東西對成年人的認知健康有影響，”Grywacs在一份媒體稿件上說道。

For the study， researchers analyzed the data of 4，963 adults aging from 32 to 84 from the 48 contiguous states。

在研究中，研究員分析了4963名年齡32至84歲之間，來自48個州的成年人的數(shù)據(jù)。

The researchers the individual workplace of each participant and their ability to maintain and later use information they learned。

研究員分析了每個參與者的工作場所，和他們的保持以及隨后運用所獲取的信息的能力。

Executive functioning skills such as their ability to complete tasks， manage time and pay attention were also observed。

他們還觀察其執(zhí)行功能能力，如完成任務(wù)，管理時間和專注力等。

Each participant was also asked if they are experiencing any issues in their memory。

每個參與者還被問到他們的記憶是否正在經(jīng)歷一些問題。

Their study resulted into two major findings。

他們的研究得出了兩大結(jié)論。

First， researchers discovered that learning new skills and facing new challenges resulted in stronger cognitive performance particularly for women as they aged。

一，研究員發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)新技能和面對新挑戰(zhàn)特別是對于女性來說，隨年齡增長，會導(dǎo)致更強的認知能力。

On the other hand， cognitive decline were observed in both men and women exposed to dirty working environment。

另一方面，無論男女，當(dāng)暴露于骯臟的工作環(huán)境中，都出現(xiàn)了認知衰退的現(xiàn)象。

Their findings suggests that higher stimulation in the workplace can improve the cognitive performance of the employees， but at the same time， maintaining clean working environment is also very important to prevent possible decrease in brain function of the employees。

他們的研究結(jié)果表面，工作場所的高刺激能改善員工的認知能力，但同時，保持工作環(huán)境的清潔也十分重要，以避免員工腦功能的可能性衰退。