2016年職稱英語考試《理工類》閱讀理解習(xí)題匯總

　　環(huán)球網(wǎng)校友情提示：2016年職稱英語考試即將開始，本文整理“2016年職稱英語考試《理工類》閱讀理解習(xí)題匯總”,供考生參考練習(xí)。如果您在此過程中遇到任何疑問，請登錄環(huán)球網(wǎng)校職稱英語頻道及論壇，我們隨時(shí)與廣大考生朋友們一起交流!

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　　Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist Terrorist Attack?

　　In the aftermath of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, structural engineers are trying bard to solve a question that a month ago would have been completely unthinkable：Can building be designed to withstand catastrophic blasts inflict4ed by terrorists?(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語考試《理工類》閱讀理解習(xí)題匯總)

　　Ten days after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers, structural engineers from the University at Buffalo and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) headquartered at UB traveled to ground zero as part of a project funded by the National Science Foundation. Visiting the site as part of an MCEER reconnaissance visit, they spent two days beginning the task of formulating ideas about how to design such structures and to search for clues on how to do so in buildings that were damaged, but still are standing.

　　“Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade Center, those buildings that are still standing, but that sustained damage,” said M. Bruneau, Ph.D. “Our immediate hope is that we can develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain standing, while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies to achieve enhanced performance of buildings in the event of terrorist attacks,” he added.

　　Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate in startling detail the monumental damage inflicted on the World Trade Center towers and buildings in the vicinity. One building a block away from the towers remains standing, but was badly damaged. “This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see a column there that used to be part of that building,” explained A Whittaker, Ph. D. “The column became a missile that shot across the road, through the window and through the floor.”

　　The visit to the area also revealed some surprises, according to the engineers. For example, the floor framing system in one of the adjacent buildings was quite rugged, allowing floors that were pierced by tons of falling debris to remain intact. “Highly redundant ductile framing systems may provide a simple, but robust strategy for blast resistance,” he added. Other strategies may include providing alternate paths for gravity loads in the event that a load-bearing column fails. “We also need a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse,” said A Whittaker. “We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can predict it.”

　　A Reinhorn, Ph. D. noted that “Earthquake shaking has led to the collapse of many buildings in the past. It induces dynamic response and extremely high stresses and deformations in structural components. Solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may be directly applicable to blast engineering and terrorist-resistant design. Part of our mission now at UB is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist at present.”

　　31　The question raised in the first paragraph is one __________.

　　A　that was asked by structural engineers a month ago

　　B　that is too difficult for structural engineers to answer even now

　　C　that was never difficult for before the terrorist attack

　　D　that terrorists are eager to find a solution to

　　32　The project funded by the National Science Foundation __________.

　　A　was first proposed by some engineers at UB

　　B　took about two days to complete

　　C　was to investigate the damage caused by the terrorist attack

　　D　was to find out why some buildings could survive the blasts

　　33　The column mentioned by Dr. Whittaker _________.

　　A　was part of the building close to the World Trade Center

　　B　was part of the World Trade Center

　　C　was shot through the window and the floor of the World Trade Center

　　D　damaged many buildings in the vicinity of the World Trade Center

　　34　A surprising discovery made by the investigators during their visit to ground zero is that __________.

　　A　floors in the adjacent building remain undamaged

　　B　some floor framing systems demonstrate resistance to explosion

　　C　simple floor framing systems are more blast resistant

　　D　floors in one of the adjacent buildings were pierced by tons of debris

　　35　What Dr. Reinhorn said in the last paragraph may imply all the following EXCEPT that __________.

　　A　blast engineers should develop new solutions for terror-resistant design

　　B　blast engineering can borrow technologies developed for terror-resistant design

　　C solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to terrorist-resistant design

　　D　slast engineering emerges as a new branch of science

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　　答案：

　　31 C建筑設(shè)計(jì)是否能使建筑具有抵御恐怖襲擊的性能，是一個(gè)月前世界貿(mào)易中心受到襲擊之前人們從未想過的一個(gè)問題。這是第一段的主要內(nèi)容。所以，只有C是正確答案。

　　32 DA不是正確選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)槲恼聸]有提及誰首先提出這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。B或C都不是文章所述的內(nèi)容。答案可以在第三段中找到。

　　33乙有關(guān)本題的句子是第四段的第三句，“這棟樓距離世貿(mào)中心多米，但我們看到了一個(gè)列有這曾經(jīng)是建筑的一部分。”這里的這個(gè)buildin9指的是的建筑中，距離世貿(mào)中心多米，而這buildin9指的是世界貿(mào)易中心。

　　34乙選項(xiàng)一個(gè)不是答案，因?yàn)槲恼抡f，地板框架系統(tǒng)在相鄰的建筑物之一......保持intact.C不是文章表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。D在文中提到，但不是一個(gè)令人驚訝的發(fā)現(xiàn)。只有乙是正確答案。

　　35天選項(xiàng)一的內(nèi)容是正確的，根據(jù)是本段最后一句(“...開發(fā)新工程涌現(xiàn)作為科學(xué)的一個(gè)新的分支。

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　　Are You Just Not Ill or Excellent in Health?

　　As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious (有營養(yǎng)的) foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語考試《理工類》閱讀理解課后練習(xí)第二套)

　　The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well.” In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well,” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.

　　1.Today medical care is placing more stress on

　　A.keeping people in a healthy physical condition.

　　B.removing people’s bad living habits.

　　C.monitoring patients’ body functions.

　　D.ensuring people’s psychological well-being.(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語考試《理工類》閱讀理解習(xí)題匯總)

　　正確答案:B

　　解析:問題問的是：當(dāng)今的醫(yī)療保健更加強(qiáng)調(diào)什么?文章開頭提到當(dāng)今醫(yī)療保健的焦點(diǎn)已經(jīng)從治療疾病轉(zhuǎn)移到預(yù)防疾病上，特別是在改變許多不利于健康的行為，如不良的飲食習(xí)慣，吸煙和不運(yùn)動(dòng)等。因此B正確，即去除不好的生活習(xí)慣。

　　2.In the first paragraph, people are reminded that

　　A.drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmful.

　　B.regular health checks are essential to keeping fit.(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語考試《理工類》閱讀理解課后練習(xí)第二套)

　　C.prevention is more difficult than cure.

　　D.good health is more than not being ill.

　　正確答案:A

　　解析:問題問的是：第一段提醒人們什么?第一段列舉了一些人雖然有某種不良的習(xí)慣，但是還算健康，但是后面緊接著說他們還可以健康得多(如果沒有這些不良的習(xí)慣)。由此可見這些不良的習(xí)慣還是在某種程度上對這些人的健康有害的。其中就包括喝點(diǎn)酒但是并不醉酒駕車的人。因此A正確，即喝酒，即使不喝多也會(huì)對健康有害。BC在文中并沒有提到;D是第二段提到的。

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　　Physical Fitness

　　Physical fitness is today’s hot topic. And wherever you turn, you hear something new. But is it all true?

　　The more you sweat, the more fat you burn. This myth has encouraged people to work out in extreme heat or wear layers of clothes or rubber or plastic weight-loss suits in the hope of sweating fat off. Unfortunately, it’s water they’re losing, not fat. When you first begin to exercise, you burn carbohydrates or sugars. To burn the fat, plan on working out at least 40 minutes.

　　No pains, no gains. Many people tend to overdo (過度)their exercise programs looking for quick results. Doing so, however, may result in your injury or sore (疼痛的)muscles. Your best bet is to start any exercise program slowly and gradually increase the workout. This gives people a good beginning without the pain or injury.

　　Exercise increases appetite. This is true for hard or intense (劇烈的) exercise that lasts for 60 minutes or longer. Gentle exercise that is less than 60 minutes, however, will probably reduce your appetite for one to two hours. Exercise always lowers blood sugar.(環(huán)球網(wǎng)校2016年職稱英語考試《理工類》閱讀理解課后練習(xí)第二套)

　　You can get fit in 10 minutes a week. This and similar claims are common, but untrue. There are no shortcuts to getting fit. Becoming fit takes work and the general rule is 20 minutes of aerobic activity(有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)) three times a week. Consistency is the key. If you stop working out, your muscles will turn to fat. If you decrease your activity and continue to eat the same or more, you may gain back the fat that you worked so hard to lose. It’s not, however, because your muscles turned to fat. Muscles may atrophy (萎縮), but they won’t turn to fat. Muscle is muscle and fat is fat.

　　1.If you work out less than 40 minutes, you are actually losing

　　A.fat.

　　B.water.

　　C.muscles.

　　D.plastics.

　　正確答案:B

　　解析:問題問的是：如果你健身少于40分鐘，你其實(shí)在消耗什么?由第二段可知，少于40分鐘的運(yùn)動(dòng)消耗的其實(shí)是水分，而不是脂肪。

　　2.Paragraph 3 suggests people that

　　A.they overdo exercise at the very beginning and slow down gradually.

　　B.they not do exercise to avoid injury.

　　C.they start slowly and gradually increase the workout.

　　D.ignore the injury and sore muscle and persevere in doing the exercise.

　　正確答案:C

　　解析:問題問的是：第三段建議人們?nèi)绾芜\(yùn)動(dòng)?推理判斷題。第三段提到運(yùn)動(dòng)最好是開始慢些，漸漸增加運(yùn)動(dòng)量。

　　3.Which statement is NOT true according to Paragraph 4

　　A.Doing intense exercise for 60 minutes or more increases appetite.

　　B.Doing gentle exercise for much more than 60 minute might increase appetite.

　　C.Doing gentle exercise for less than 60 minutes will probably reduce appetite.

　　D.Doing gentle exercise for less than 60 minutes will not lower blood sugar.

　　正確答案:D

　　解析:問題問的是：根據(jù)第四段哪個(gè)說法不正確?第四段結(jié)尾提到任何運(yùn)動(dòng)都會(huì)降低血糖。D運(yùn)動(dòng)60分鐘以下不會(huì)降低血糖錯(cuò)誤。

　　4.The writer believes that

　　A.one can get fit in ten minutes a week.

　　B.there is no shortcuts to getting fit.

　　C.if one is consistent, he/she will find the shortcut to getting fit.

　　D.one must have a job if he/she wants to get fit.

　　正確答案:B

　　解析:問題問的是：作者相信什么?倒數(shù)第二段結(jié)尾提到B的說法“減肥沒有捷徑”。

　　5.If you decrease your activity and continue to eat the same or more

　　A.your muscles may become smaller.

　　B.your muscles become fat.

　　C.you will put on muscles.

　　D.nothing changes at all.

　　正確答案:A

　　解析:問題問的是：減少運(yùn)動(dòng)，但繼續(xù)保持或增加食量會(huì)怎樣?最后一段可知A肌肉會(huì)變小正確。B肌肉會(huì)變成脂肪;C肌肉會(huì)增加;D沒有變化。這幾項(xiàng)都不正確。