2022年下半年公共英語四級閱讀理解練習(xí)：容易犯錯(cuò)

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Mistakes are the things that nobody wants, but we still make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. Some are about work or jobs. But most mistakes are about people."Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen? When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it as a friend? Or did he envy my luck? And why didn't Andy pick up that I was friendly just because 1 had a car?" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.

why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. We need to listen and think for some time. And if we don't really listen we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, "You're a lucky dog" that's being friendly. But "lucky dog"? There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little, what he may be saying is that he doesn't think you deserve your luck.

"Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for" is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.

How can you'tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says agree with the tone of voice? His posture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save another mistake.

1. This passage is mainly about _____.

A. how to interpret what people say

B. what to do when you listen to others talking

C. how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with people

D. why we go wrong with people sometimes

2. According to the author, the reason why we go wrong about our friends is that _____.

A. we fail to listen carefully when they talk

B. people tend to be annoyed when we check what they say

C. people usually state one thing but means another

D. we tend to doubt what our friends say

3. In the sentence "Maybe he doesn't see it himself" in the second paragraph, the pronoun"it" refers to _____.

A. being friendly

B. a bit of envy

C. lucky dog

D. your luck

4. When we listen to a person talking, the most important thing for us to do is _____.

A. notice the way the person is talking

B. take a good look at the person talking

C. mind his tone, his posture and the look in his eyes

D. examine the real meaning of what he says based on his manner, his tone and his posture

5. The author most probably is a _____.

A. teacher

B. philosopher

C. psychologist

D. doctor

篇章分析

本文是一篇議論文。文章在一開始就引出話題——聽不出別人的弦外之音是會犯錯(cuò)誤的，文章之后圍繞這個(gè)話題進(jìn)行闡述，第二、三段列舉了一些話里含有弦外之音的例子，第四段話告訴我們?nèi)绾温牫鱿彝庵簦瑴?zhǔn)確理解別人的意思。

答案及解析

1.【答案】C

【題型】主旨題

【解析】題干意為“這篇文章主要講的是什么?”文章第一段一開始就談到，我們常常會犯錯(cuò)誤，而誤解別人的話是犯的最多的錯(cuò)誤，之后文章也在圍繞如何傾聽以避免誤解來闡述，因此正確答案為C.

2.【答案】C

【題型】細(xì)節(jié)題

【解析】題干意為“在作者看來，我們常常誤解朋友的原因是什么?”從文章第二段第二句話"Sometimes what people say hides their real mean-ing."可知，有時(shí)人們說話時(shí)會隱藏起他們的真正意思，因此正確答案為C.

3.【答案】B

【題型】釋義題

【解析】題干問的是在那句話中it指的是什?我們從前一句話"There's a bit of envy in those words."中可以看出指的是a bit of ell-vy，因此正確答案為B.

4.【答案】D

【題型】推理題

【解析】題干意為“當(dāng)我們聽一個(gè)人說話時(shí)，最重要的事情是什么?”文章最后一段整段話都在談這個(gè)問題，根據(jù)原文，作者建議我們要注意說話者的神態(tài)姿勢，聽他的語音語調(diào)，看他的眼睛，可以看出D最貼切，因此正確答案為D.

5.【答案】C

【題型】推理題

【解析】題干意為“作者很可能是什么人?”A老師，B哲學(xué)家，C心理學(xué)家，D醫(yī)生。文章談的話題是言外之意和動作姿態(tài)流露出來的隱含心理，因此只有C最可能，故正確答案為C.

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