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鏂囩珷闁嬮牠锛歁odern US cities were designed to make exercise unnecessary.銆愮瓟妗堥€熸煡銆戯細26-30 G M A F E 31-35B I K D C

26. G锛� impose27. M锛� sprawl28. A锛� correlation29. F锛� imperative30. E锛� foster31. B锛� dense32. I锛� longevity33. K锛� recreational34. D锛� equity35. C锛� deter

闀风瘒闁辫畝鏂囩珷妯欓锛欳an Learning a Foreign Language Prevent Dementia?銆愮瓟妗堥€熸煡銆戯細36-40 DFAKE 41-45 ICGBH椤屽共銆佺瓟妗堝拰瀹氫綅铏�↓36. Research indicates that brain training is likely to boost one’s ability at specific tasks, but not one’s other cognitive abilities.D 銆愬畾浣嶃€慔owever, research suggests that although this type of training may improve one’s ability at the tasks themselves, they don’t seem to improve other abilities.

37. According to estimates, the number of people who speak two languages or more is greater than those who speak one language only.F銆愬畾浣嶃€慖n fact, it has been estimated that there are fewer monolingual speakers in the world than bilinguals and multilinguals.

38. For the time being, we do not know what causes people to lose their cognitive abilities, or what we can do to prevent it.A銆愬畾浣嶃€慏ementia refers to the loss of cognitive abilities, and one of its most common form is Alzheimer’s disease. At this time, the causes of the disease are not well understood, and consequently, there are no proven steps that people can take to prevent it.

39. It is hard to determine whether people who are free from dementia tend to have more social activities, or more social activities keep people away from dementia.K 銆愬畾浣嶃€� So we can’t really say whether being socially active prevents the onset of dementia, or if people who don’t have dementia are more likely to be socially active.

40. There is evidence that learning foreign languages might be beneficial to boosting one’s cognitive abilities.E 銆愬畾浣嶃€慔owever, there is some reason to believe that learning languages might be different. The best evidence that foreign language learning confers cognitive benefits comes from research with those who are already bilingual.

41. It was suggested that only those who always spoke two languages could benefit from bilingualism.I 銆愬畾浣嶃€戞渶鍚庝竴鍙ワ細Crucially, Bialystok suggested that the positive benefits of being bilingual were only found in those who used both languages all the time.

42. The brain is different from muscles in that it keeps working even when the body is at rest.C 銆愬畾浣嶃€� 绗洓鍙ワ細Unlike muscles, the brain is always active and works even during periods of rest and sleep.

43. People who speak two languages do better at a number of cognitive tasks than those who speak only one language.G銆愬畾浣嶃€戠涓夊彞锛欼n fact, bilingual individuals outperform their monolingual counterparts on a variety of cognitive tasks, such as following complex instructions, and switching to new instructions.

44. Dementia is different from being merely forgetful and entails more serious trouble.B 銆愬畾浣嶃€戠鍥涘彞锛欼t is also important to remember that dementia is not the same thing as normal forgetfulness…People with dementia have more serious problems, like feeling confused or getting lost in a familiar place.

45. It is claimed that more monolinguals suffer from Alzheimer’s disease than bilinguals.H 銆愬畾浣嶃€戠涓€銆佷簩鍙ワ細If the benefits of being bilingual spill over to other aspects of cognition, then we would expect to see a lower incidence of Alzheimer’s disease in bilinguals than in monolinguals, or at least a later onset of Alzheimer’s for bilinguals. In fact, there is evidence to support this claim.

浠旂窗闁辫畝Passage One鏂囩珷闁嬮牠锛歊esearch is meant to benefit…..銆愮瓟妗堥€熸煡銆戯細46-50 D A B A C

46.D锛� With its findings properly communicated beyond the academic circle.47.A锛� They cannot understand the academic language used for reporting these results.48.B锛� Their top consideration is to win tenure.49.A锛� By helping them to identify new research directions50.C锛� To make their publications correctly understood by the public.

Passage Two鏂囩珷闁嬮牠锛歋piders make their presence felt in late August and through early autumn…銆愮瓟妗堥€熸煡銆戯細51-55 ABCBD

51. A They have been generally misconceived.52. B Evil.53. C Chemicals used for killing insects.54. B Certain species of spiders are endangered due to loss of their natural homes.55. D There would be more people appreciating spiders' splendour.

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