鑷€冭嫳瑾�(y菙)寰�(f霉)缈�(x铆)璩囨枡锛氭儏鎱�(t脿i)鍕�(d貌ng)瑭炶┏瑙�

銆€銆€鎯呮厠(t脿i)鍕�(d貌ng)瑭炲拰涓嶅付to鐨勫嫊(d貌ng)瑭炰笉瀹氬紡涓€璧锋(g貌u)鎴愯瑐瑾�(y菙)锛屼絾ought闄ゅ銆傛儏鎱�(t脿i)鍕�(d貌ng)瑭炴湁涓€瀹氱殑瑭炵京锛屾矑(m茅i)鏈変汉绋卞拰鏁�(sh霉)鐨勮畩鍖�銆傚畠琛ㄧず瑾�(shu艒)瑭变汉鐨勮獮(y菙)姘ｆ垨鎯呮厠(t脿i)锛屽璜�(q菒ng)姹�銆佸懡浠ゃ€佹効鏈�銆佽兘鍔涗互鍙婂彲鑳芥€х瓑銆傝嫳瑾�(y菙)鐨勬儏鎱�(t脿i)鍕�(d貌ng)瑭炴湁锛� $lesson$

銆€銆€can锛� could

銆€銆€may锛� might

銆€銆€must

銆€銆€ought to

銆€銆€shall锛� should杞�(zhu菐n)鑷挵(hu谩n) 鐞� 缍�(w菐ng) 鏍du24ol.com

銆€銆€will锛� would

銆€銆€dare锛� dared

銆€銆€need

銆€銆€1. can锛� could

銆€銆€(1) 鑳�锛岃兘澶犮€佹渻(hu矛)銆佸彲浠�

銆€銆€Energy can be changed from one form into another. 鑳藉彲浠ュ緸涓€绋舰寮忚畩鎴愬彟涓€绋舰寮忋€�

銆€銆€We can buy a car by instalments. 鎴戝€戝彲浠ヤ互鍒嗘湡浠樻璨疯綆杌�銆�

銆€銆€(2)瑷卞彲

銆€銆€You can ( = may) go home now. 浣犵従(xi脿n)鍦ㄥ彲浠ュ洖瀹朵簡銆�

銆€銆€(3)鐢ㄤ簬姊濅欢鍙ヤ腑

銆€銆€If he comes锛� he can help us. 濡傛灉浠栦締(l谩i)锛屼粬鑳藉公鍔╂垜鍊�銆�

銆€銆€I could come earlier锛� if necessary. 濡傛灉鏈夊繀瑕�锛屾垜鍙棭浜涗締(l谩i)銆�

銆€銆€(4)琛ㄦ嚪鐤戯紝闆ｄ互缃俊

銆€銆€He couldn't (can't) be her father; he is too young.

銆€銆€(5) could + have + p. p. 濠夎綁(zhu菐n)鍦拌铂(z茅)鍌�銆侀伜鎲�

銆€銆€He could have passed the exam. 浠栫暥(d膩ng)鏅�(sh铆)鏈┎閫氶亷(gu貌)鑰冭│銆�

銆€銆€(6)be able to鏄痗an鐨勫悓缇╃祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屽父鐢ㄤ互琛ㄧずcm鎵€涓嶈兘琛ㄧず鐨勬湭渚�(l谩i)鎴栧畬鎴愮殑姒傚康銆傚锛�

銆€?銆佽硞hus锛� we shall be able to determine the amount of alcohol burned. 閫欐ǎ锛屾垜鍊戝氨鍙互纰哄畾鐕冪噿鎺夌殑閰掔簿閲忋€�

銆€銆€They have not been able to come. 浠栧€戞矑(m茅i)鏈夎兘渚�(l谩i)銆�

銆€銆€2. may 鍜� might

銆€銆€(1)鍏佽ū銆佽珛(q菒ng)姹�

銆€銆€Excuse me锛� may I have a glass of water? 灏�(du矛)涓嶈捣锛屾垜鍙互鍠濇按鍡�?

銆€銆€(2)鍙兘锛屾垨瑷�;鐢╩ight瑾�(y菙)姘ｆ洿鍔犱笉鑲畾

銆€銆€These ideas may seem strange to you. 閫欎簺鎯虫硶鎴栬ū浠や綘鎰熷埌椹氭€€�

銆€銆€He might get lost. 浠栧彲鑳借糠璺簡銆�

銆€銆€(3) may (might) + have + pp琛ㄥ皪(du矛)閬�(gu貌)鍘荤殑鎺ㄦ脯(c猫)

銆€銆€She may (might) have missed the bus. 濂逛篃瑷辨矑(m茅i)瓒曚笂杌�銆�

銆€銆€(4)琛ㄧ鎰�

銆€銆€May all your dreams come true. 鎰夸綘鍊戠殑澶�(m猫ng)鎯虫垚鐪�銆�

銆€銆€May it be so. 浣嗘効濡傛銆�杞�(zhu菐n)鑷挵(hu谩n) 鐞� 缍�(w菐ng) 鏍du24ol.com

銆€銆€(5) be allowed to鏄痬ay鐨勫悓缇╃祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屽彲琛ㄩ仈(d谩)鐝�(xi脿n)鍦�銆侀亷(gu貌)鍘诲拰灏囦締(l谩i)鏅�(sh铆)鎱�(t脿i)銆傚锛�

銆€銆€You will be allowed to use this computer. 浣犲彲浠ョ敤閫欒嚭(t谩i)瑷�(j矛)绠楁(j墨)銆�

銆€銆€3. must

銆€銆€(1)蹇呴爤锛屾噳(y墨ng)瑭�

銆€銆€The auditor must conduct sufficient verification. 瀵╄▓(j矛)甯繀闋堥€�(j矛n)琛屽厖鍒嗙殑椹�(y脿n)璀�銆�

銆€銆€(2) must not鎰忕偤鈥滀笉鎳�(y墨ng)瑭测€�锛屸€滀笉瑷扁€�;need not鏄痬ust鐨勫惁瀹氬洖绛�

銆€銆€We must not be afraid of difficulties. 鎴戝€戜笉鎳�(y墨ng)瑭插鎬曞洶闆ｃ€�

銆€銆€Must I return the book.? 鈥昚es锛� you must. 鎴戝繀闋堥倓閫欐湰鏇�(sh奴)鍡�?鏄殑銆�

銆€銆€鈥昇o锛� you needn't. 涓�锛屼笉蹇呫€�

銆€銆€(3) must + have + pp 琛ㄥ皪(du矛)閬�(gu貌)鍘荤殑鎺ㄦ脯(c猫)

銆€銆€I can't find my umbrella. Someone must have taken it. 鎴戞壘涓嶅埌鎴戠殑鍌�锛屼竴瀹氭槸琚(shu铆)鎷胯蛋浜�銆�

銆€銆€(4) must + be + -ing 涓€瀹氬湪

銆€銆€They must be talking about us now. 浠栧€戞簴(zh菙n)鍦ㄨ珖?w霉)鎾愯鍎�?/P>

銆€銆€(5)have to鏄痬ust鐨勫悓缇╃祼(ji茅)妲�(g貌u)锛屽彲琛ㄩ仈(d谩)鐝�(xi脿n)鍦紝閬�(gu貌)鍘诲拰灏囦締(l谩i)鏅�(sh铆)鎱�(t脿i)銆�

銆€銆€We will have to change our plan. 鎴戝€戝緱鏀硅畩瑷�(j矛)鍔冦€�

銆€銆€4. ought to

銆€銆€(1)鎳�(y墨ng)瑭�

銆€銆€We ought to make the most of our time. 鎴戝€戞噳(y墨ng)瑭茬洝閲忕敤濂芥檪(sh铆)闁�銆�

銆€銆€(2) ought to + have + pp 琛ㄩ亷(gu貌)鍘绘矑(m茅i)瀹屾垚鐨勪簨

銆€銆€She ought to have come to see me two days ago锛� but she forgot. 濂规湰渚�(l谩i)鎳�(y墨ng)瑭插湪鍏╁ぉ鍓嶄締(l谩i)鐪嬫垜锛屽彲鏄ス蹇樹簡銆�

銆€銆€(3)琛ㄦ帹娓�(c猫)

銆€銆€This arrangement ought to please them. 閫欏€�(g猫)瀹夋帓鎳�(y墨ng)瑭叉渻(hu矛)浠や粬鍊戦珮鑸�銆�

銆€銆€5. shall

銆€銆€(1)鍛戒护锛岃鍛�锛屽厑璜�锛屽▉鑴�锛屽挤(qi谩ng)鍒�锛屾焙蹇�

銆€銆€Everything shall be done to save the ship. 涓€瀹氳绔洝鍏ㄥ姏渚�(l谩i)鎷晳閫欒墭鑸�銆�

銆€銆€You shall follow the doctors advice. 浣犲緱鑱�(t墨ng)閱�(y墨)鐢熺殑銆�

銆€銆€If you work hard锛� you shall hate a day off. 濡傛灉浣犲姫鍔涘伐浣�锛屼綘灏卞彲浠ユ斁涓€澶╁亣銆�

銆€銆€(2)寰佹眰鎰忚(ji脿n)

銆€銆€鈥曗€昐hall I close the door? 鎴戦棞(gu膩n)涓婇杸濂藉棊?

銆€銆€鈥曗€昚es锛� please. (No锛� please don't. )

銆€銆€(3)鍦ㄦ硶寰�銆佸悎鍚屼腑锛岃〃绀虹京鍕�(w霉)鎴栧挤(qi谩ng)鍒舵€ц鐐�

銆€銆€The present treaty shall come into force immediately after its ratification. 鏈绱勫湪鎵规簴(zh菙n)鍚庡皣绔嬪嵆鐢熸晥銆�

銆€銆€Gambling in any form shall be banned. 鍚勭ó璩崥蹇呴爤浜堜互绂佹銆�

銆€銆€6. should

銆€銆€(1)鎳�(y墨ng)瑭�

銆€銆€A formal written appraisal should be prepared annually. 姣忓勾鎳�(y墨ng)瑭叉簴(zh菙n)鍌欎竴浠芥寮忕殑瑭�(p铆ng)鍍�(ji脿)鍫�(b脿o)鍛�銆�

銆€銆€(2)鎺ㄦ脯(c猫)

銆€銆€They should be home by now. 鐝�(xi脿n)鍦ㄤ粬鍊戞噳(y墨ng)瑭插埌瀹朵簡銆�

銆€銆€(3) should + have + pp 琛ㄩ亷(gu貌)鍘绘噳(y墨ng)鍋氫絾娌�(m茅i)鍋氱殑浜�銆傚惈鏈夎铂(z茅)鍌欑殑鎰忔€�銆�

銆€銆€This conclusion should have been double-checked. 瑭茬祼(ji茅)璜栨湰鎳�(y墨ng)瑭插弽寰�(f霉)鏍稿皪(du矛)銆�

銆€銆€(4)琛ㄦ啢鎬�锛屼笉婊匡紝澶辨湜

銆€銆€I am very sorry that he should be so careless. 鐪熼伜鎲�锛屼粬绔熺劧閫欎箞绮楀績銆�

銆€銆€(5)鐢ㄤ簬璁撴寰炲彞涓�

銆€銆€He run away lest he should be seen. 浠栬窇闁�(k膩i)浜�锛屼互鍏嶈鐪嬭(ji脿n)銆�

銆€銆€7. will

銆€銆€(1)璜�(q菒ng)姹�

銆€銆€Will you lend me your dictionary? 璜�(q菒ng)浣犳妸瑭炲吀鍊熸垜濂藉棊?

銆€銆€(2)琛ㄦ剰鍦�锛屾焙蹇�

銆€銆€I won't let you down. 鎴戜笉鏈�(hu矛)浠や綘澶辨湜銆�

銆€銆€(3)琛ㄦ帹娓�(c猫)

銆€銆€That will be the postman at the door. 鍦ㄩ杸鍙ｇ殑涓€瀹氭槸閮甸仦鍝�銆�

銆€銆€(4)鑷劧瑕�(gu墨)寰嬶紝缈�(x铆)鎱ｅ嫊(d貌ng)浣�

銆€銆€Fish will die out of water. 榄�(y煤)闆㈤枊(k膩i)姘存渻(hu矛)姝�銆�

銆€銆€Water will boil at 100 degrees centigrade. 姘村湪鏀濇皬100搴﹂枊(k膩i)銆�

銆€銆€8. would

銆€銆€(1)濮斿〾璜�(q菒ng)姹傛垨鍛戒护

銆€銆€Would you take a seat? 璜�(q菒ng)鍧�!

銆€銆€(2)琛ㄩ亷(gu貌)鍘荤繏(x铆)鎱ｆ€у嫊(d貌ng)浣�

銆€銆€He would sit there for hours锛� doing nothing. 浠栧父涓€閫ｅ咕鍊�(g猫)灏忔檪(sh铆)鍧愬湪閭ｉ噷锛屼粈涔堜篃涓嶅仛銆�

銆€銆€(3)琛ㄩ亷(gu貌)鍘荤殑涓€绋偩鍚�

銆€銆€He told us that the box would not open. 浠栧憡瑷存垜鍊戠洅瀛愭墦涓嶉枊(k膩i)銆�

銆€銆€(4)琛ㄥ皪(du矛)閬�(gu貌)鍘荤殑鐚滄脯(c猫)

銆€銆€That would be in 1966锛� I think. 鎴戞兂閭ｅぇ姒傜櫦(f膩)鐢熷湪1966骞�銆�

銆€銆€9. dare 鍜� dared

銆€銆€(1)鏁�

銆€銆€How dare you speak to me like that? 浣犳€庢暍閭ｆǎ灏�(du矛)鎴戣(shu艒)瑭�?

銆€銆€No one dared speak of it. 鐣�(d膩ng)鏅�(sh铆)娌�(m茅i)浜烘暍璜�?w霉)鎽€搁殕?/P>

銆€銆€(2)鏈夋檪(sh铆)鍚庨潰璺熶笉瀹氬紡锛岀敤浣滆鐐哄嫊(d貌ng)瑭�

銆€銆€He dares to think锛� to speak锛� and to act. 浠栨暍鎯�锛屾暍瑾�(shu艒)锛屾暍骞�銆�

銆€銆€10. need

銆€銆€(1)鈥滈渶瑕佲€濓紝鐢ㄤ簬鍚﹀畾鍙ュ拰鐤戝晱(w猫n)鍙ヤ腑

銆€銆€Need I show you my passport? 鈥曗€昚es锛� you must. 鎴戦渶瑕佸嚭绀鸿(h霉)鐓у棊?鏄殑銆�

銆€銆€鈥曗€昇o锛� you needn't. 涓�锛屼笉蹇呭暒銆�

銆€銆€We didn't need to call the doctor. 鎴戝€戜笉蹇呰珛(q菒ng)澶уか銆�

銆€銆€(2) needn't + have + pp 鏈笉蹇呭仛

銆€銆€She needn't have watered the flowers. 濂规湰涓嶅繀婢嗚姳銆�

?2011骞�4鏈堣嚜瀛�(xu茅)鑰冭│鎴愮妇(j墨)鏌ヨ鏅�(sh铆)闁撳強鏂瑰紡鍖附

?2011骞翠笅鍗婂勾鍚勫湴鑷(xu茅)鑰冭│鍫�(b脿o)鍚嶅尟绺�

鏇村淇℃伅璜�(q菒ng)?ji膩n)L鍟�(w猫n)锛�鑷(xu茅)鑰冭│闋婚亾    鑷(xu茅)鑰冭│璜栧    鑷(xu茅)鑰冭│鍗氬